International Security Bulletin

Taiwan

Capital: Taipei

The Taiwan Bulletin

Weekly Brief: April 13, 2015

Africa One of the gunmen responsible for the attack on Kenya’s Garissa University College last week, which killed 148 people, was the son of a Kenyan district official. He had been missing for over a year, since dropping out of law school. His father has been cooperating with authorities since reporting his son missing last […]

Weekly Brief: April 6, 2015

Top Story Parties negotiating limits on Iran’s nuclear program announced a framework agreement on Thursday, which they intend to finalize by the end of June. The talks had intensified ahead of a March 31 soft deadline for a deal. By Monday, three primary sticking points remained: the process of lifting restrictions on Iran’s nuclear program after 10 years, […]

History

In 1895, military defeat forced China's Qing Dynasty to cede Taiwan to Japan. Taiwan came under Chinese Nationalist control after World War II. Following the Communist victory on the mainland in 1949, 2 million Nationalists fled to Taiwan and established a government using the 1947 constitution drawn up for all of China. Beginning in the 1950s, the ruling authorities gradually democratized and incorporated the local population within the governing structure. This process expanded rapidly in the 1980s. In 2000, Taiwan underwent its first peaceful transfer of power from the Nationalist to the Democratic Progressive Party. Throughout this period, the island prospered and became one of East Asia's economic "Tigers." The dominant political issues continue to be the relationship between Taiwan and China - specifically the question of Taiwan's eventual status - as well as domestic political and economic reform.

Geography

Metric Units

Total Area 35,980 sq km
Land Boundaries 0 km
Border Countries No data
Coastline 1,566.3 km
Terrain eastern two-thirds mostly rugged mountains; flat to gently rolling plains in west
Minimum Elevation 0 m
Maximum Elevation 3,952 m
Climate tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon (June to August); cloudiness is persistent and extensive all year
Natural Resources small deposits of coal, natural gas, limestone, marble, and asbestos
Arable Land 24%
Permanent Crops 1%

Economy

Gross Domestic Product $901.9 billion
GDP (per capita) $38,500
GDP Growth 1.3%
Unemployment Rate 4.3%
Population in Poverty 1.5%
GINI Index 34.2

Budget & Debt

Expenditures $64.62 billion
Revenue $57.6 billion
Current Account Balance $40.88 billion
External Debt $127.4 billion

Trade

Exports $301.1 billion
Export Items electronics, flat panels, machinery
Export Partners China 28.1%, Hong Kong 13.8%, US 11.5%, Japan 6.6%, Singapore 4.4% (2010 est.)
Imports $270.7 billion
Import Items electronics, machinery, crude petroleum, precision instruments, organic chemicals, metals
Import Partners Japan 20.7%, China 14.2%, US 10%, South Korea 6.4%, Saudi Arabia 4.7% (2010 est.)

People

Population 23,299,716
Population Growth 0.27%
Ethnic Groups Taiwanese (including Hakka) 84%, mainland Chinese 14%, indigenous 2%
Religion mixture of Buddhist and Taoist 93%, Christian 4.5%, other 2.5%
Life Expectancy 79.71 years
Infant Mortality 4.55 deaths/1,000 live births
Maternal Mortality 1 deaths/100,000 live births

Energy

Electricity Production 252.2 billion kWh
Electricity Consumption 242.2 billion kWh
From Fossil Fuels 77.2%
From Nuclear 10.6%
From Hydroelectric 5.3%
From Renewable Sources 6.9%