International Security Bulletin

France

French Republic

Capital: Paris

The France Bulletin

Weekly Brief: October 5, 2015

Top Story Russia began airstrikes in Syria on Wednesday. America’s Secretary of State John Kerry said that Syrian president Bashar al-Assad should leave power, but Russian president Vladimir Putin said that Assad should meet with the Syrian opposition to discuss a settlement to the conflict. Though Russia claimed to target the Islamic State of Iraq and the […]

Weekly Brief: May 4, 2015

Top Story Representatives from around the world traveled to New York this week to begin the ninth review conference for the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). Review conferences have been held every five years since the NPT entered into effect in 1970. American Secretary of State John Kerry, who will lead his country’s […]

Weekly Brief: April 20, 2015

Africa Al-Shabab militants drove a car loaded with explosives into a government compound in Mogadishu, Somalia, on Tuesday. After the explosion, gunmen stormed the government offices and killed at least 17 people, including eight civilians and two soldiers. Security guards and Somali special forces soldiers eventually managed to secure the building, killing five attackers.

History

France today is one of the most modern countries in the world and is a leader among European nations. It plays an influential global role as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, NATO, the G-8, the G-20, the EU and other multilateral organizations. France rejoined NATO's integrated military command structure in 2009, reversing de Gaulle's 1966 decision to take French forces out of NATO. Since 1958, it has constructed a hybrid presidential-parliamentary governing system resistant to the instabilities experienced in earlier, more purely parliamentary administrations. In recent decades, its reconciliation and cooperation with Germany have proved central to the economic integration of Europe, including the introduction of a common currency, the euro, in January 1999. In the early 21st century, five French overseas entities - French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Reunion - became French regions and were made part of France proper.

Geography

Metric Units

Total Area 643,801 sq km
Land Boundaries 2,889 km
Border Countries Andorra 56.6 km, Belgium 620 km, Germany 451 km, Italy 488 km, Luxembourg 73 km, Monaco 4.4 km, Spain 623 km, Switzerland 573 km
Coastline 4,853 km
Terrain mostly flat plains or gently rolling hills in north and west; remainder is mountainous, especially Pyrenees in south, Alps in east
Minimum Elevation -2 m
Maximum Elevation 4,807 m
Climate generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong, cold, dry, north-to-northwesterly wind known as mistral
Natural Resources coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, timber, fish
Arable Land 33.45%
Permanent Crops 1.86%

Economy

Gross Domestic Product $2.25 trillion
GDP (per capita) $35,500
GDP Growth 0.1%
Unemployment Rate 10.3%
Population in Poverty 7.8%
GINI Index 32.7

Budget & Debt

Expenditures $1.46 trillion
Revenue $1.34 trillion
Current Account Balance $-58.7 billion
External Debt $5.63 trillion

Trade

Exports $567.5 billion
Export Items machinery and transportation equipment, aircraft, plastics, chemicals, pharmaceutical products, iron and steel, beverages
Export Partners Germany 16.7%, Italy 8.3%, Spain 7.4%, Belgium 7.4%, UK 6.7%, US 5%, Netherlands 4.3% (2011)
Imports $658.9 billion
Import Items machinery and equipment, vehicles, crude oil, aircraft, plastics, chemicals
Import Partners Germany 19.1%, Belgium 11.3%, Italy 7.7%, Netherlands 7.5%, Spain 6.6%, UK 5.1%, China 4.8% (2011)

People

Population 65,951,611
Population Growth 0.47%
Ethnic Groups Celtic and Latin with Teutonic, Slavic, North African, Indochinese, Basque minorities
Religion Roman Catholic 83%-88%, Protestant 2%, Jewish 1%, Muslim 5%-10%, unaffiliated 4%
Life Expectancy 81.56 years
Infant Mortality 0.96 deaths/1,000 live births
Maternal Mortality 1 deaths/100,000 live births

Energy

Electricity Production 539 billion kWh
Electricity Consumption 451.4 billion kWh
From Fossil Fuels 20.5%
From Nuclear 53%
From Hydroelectric 17.6%
From Renewable Sources 5.3%